Leviticus: Approaching a Holy God
A study of Leviticus, focusing on its themes of holiness, sacrifice, and atonement, and how they point to the fulfillment found in Jesus Christ.
1. The Law of Offerings: Atonement and Access
1.1 The Burnt Offering: Complete Devotion
Verses: Leviticus 1:1-17; Leviticus 6:8-13
- Symbolizes complete consecration and surrender to God's will.
- The offering was wholly consumed, representing total dedication.
- Foreshadows Christ's perfect sacrifice, fully pleasing to God.
1.2 The Grain Offering: Service and Gratitude
Verses: Leviticus 2:1-16; Leviticus 6:14-23
- Represents thankfulness for God's provision and the dedication of one's labor.
- Often offered with oil and frankincense, symbolizing the Holy Spirit and prayer.
- Highlights the importance of offering our talents and resources to God.
1.3 The Peace Offering: Fellowship and Communion
Verses: Leviticus 3:1-17; Leviticus 7:11-36
- Expresses peace and fellowship with God and with others.
- A portion was eaten by the offerer, symbolizing communion with God.
- Illustrates the peace we have through Christ's sacrifice.
1.4 The Sin Offering: Atonement for Unintentional Sins
Verses: Leviticus 4:1-35; Leviticus 6:24-30
- Dealt with unintentional sins, highlighting the need for continual cleansing.
- The blood was applied to the altar, signifying atonement.
- Points to Jesus as the ultimate sin offering, covering all our sins.
1.5 The Trespass Offering: Atonement for Wrongs Against God and Others
Verses: Leviticus 5:1-13; Leviticus 7:1-10
- Addressed sins that involved restitution, emphasizing the importance of making amends.
- Required both a sacrifice and repayment for the wrong committed.
- Shows God's concern for justice and reconciliation.
2. The Priesthood: Mediators of Holiness
2.1 Consecration of the Priests: Set Apart for Service
Verses: Leviticus 8:1-36
- Aaron and his sons were specifically chosen and set apart for the priesthood.
- The consecration involved washing, clothing, and anointing with oil, symbolizing purification and empowerment.
- Highlights the importance of being set apart for God's service.
2.2 Nadab and Abihu: The Consequences of Disobedience
Verses: Leviticus 10:1-20
- Nadab and Abihu offered unauthorized fire before the Lord and were consumed by fire.
- Demonstrates the seriousness of approaching God with reverence and obedience.
- Emphasizes the need to follow God's instructions precisely.
3. Clean and Unclean: Maintaining Holiness
3.1 Clean and Unclean Animals: Symbolic Distinctions
Verses: Leviticus 11:1-47
- The distinction between clean and unclean animals served as a symbolic representation of holiness and separation.
- These laws taught the Israelites to be mindful of what they consumed and how it affected their relationship with God.
- We are now cleansed by the blood, and are to live holy lives.
3.2 Uncleanness and Purification: Ritual Cleansing
Verses: Leviticus 12:1-8; Leviticus 15:1-33
- Various bodily discharges and conditions rendered a person ceremonially unclean, requiring purification rituals.
- These rituals symbolized the need for cleansing from sin and impurity.
- Highlights the importance of maintaining physical and spiritual purity.
4. The Day of Atonement: A National Cleansing
4.1 The Rituals of Atonement: Cleansing the Sanctuary and the People
Verses: Leviticus 16:1-34
- The high priest entered the Most Holy Place to make atonement for the sins of the people.
- Two goats were used: one sacrificed and the other sent into the wilderness, symbolizing the removal of sin.
- Foreshadows Christ's sacrifice as the ultimate atonement for sin.
5. Holiness Code: Living a Set-Apart Life
5.1 Ethical and Moral Laws: Loving God and Neighbor
Verses: Leviticus 19:1-37
- Emphasizes the importance of treating others with fairness, compassion, and respect.
- Includes commands to not steal, lie, or defraud, and to love your neighbor as yourself.
- Reflects God's character and His desire for justice and righteousness.
5.2 The Appointed Feasts: Remembering God's Faithfulness
Verses: Leviticus 23:1-44
- The feasts were appointed times to remember God's deliverance, provision, and covenant.
- Included Passover, Unleavened Bread, Firstfruits, Pentecost, Trumpets, Atonement, and Tabernacles.
- These feasts pointed to Christ and the fulfillment of God's plan of redemption.