The Old Testament Points to Jesus
An exploration of how the Old Testament foreshadows and reveals Jesus Christ.
1. Prophecies Concerning the Messiah
1.1 The Virgin Birth
Verses: Isaiah 7:14; Matthew 1:23
- The virgin birth was prophesied centuries before Jesus' arrival.
- This miraculous conception highlights Jesus' unique divine nature.
1.2 Birthplace in Bethlehem
Verses: Micah 5:2; Matthew 2:1-6
- The specific location of Jesus' birth in Bethlehem was foretold.
- This fulfills prophecy and confirms Jesus' Messianic identity.
1.3 Suffering and Atonement
Verses: Isaiah 53:5; 1 Peter 2:24
- Isaiah prophesied about the Messiah being wounded for our transgressions.
- Jesus' suffering and death atone for the sins of humanity.
1.4 Crucifixion Details
Verses: Psalm 22:16-18; John 19:31-37
- David prophesied about the piercing of hands and feet, and the casting of lots for his garments.
- These details were fulfilled during Jesus' crucifixion.
2. Types and Shadows of Christ
2.1 The Sacrifice of Isaac
Verses: Genesis 22:1-14; John 3:16
- Abraham's willingness to sacrifice Isaac prefigures God's sacrifice of Jesus.
- Isaac carrying the wood for the sacrifice symbolizes Jesus carrying His cross.
2.2 The Passover Lamb
Verses: Exodus 12:1-14; 1 Corinthians 5:7
- The Passover lamb's blood protects from death, symbolizing Jesus' blood protecting from spiritual death.
- The lamb had to be without blemish, representing Jesus' sinless perfection.
2.3 The Bronze Serpent
Verses: Numbers 21:4-9; John 3:14-15
- The bronze serpent lifted up heals those who look at it, foreshadowing Jesus being lifted up on the cross for our healing.
- Looking to the serpent brought physical healing, believing in Jesus brings spiritual healing.
2.4 The Day of Atonement
Verses: Leviticus 16; Hebrews 9:11-14
- The High Priest entering the Holy of Holies once a year prefigures Jesus' once-for-all sacrifice.
- The blood sacrifice atoned for sins, symbolizing Jesus' blood cleansing us from all unrighteousness.
3. Old Testament Encounters with God
3.1 The Creator
Verses: Genesis 1:1; John 1:1-3
- In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.
- All things were made by Him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
3.2 "I AM"
Verses: Exodus 3:14; John 8:58
- God reveals Himself as 'I AM' to Moses.
- Jesus declares 'Before Abraham was, I AM', claiming the same divine identity.
3.3 Mighty God
Verses: Isaiah 9:6; Matthew 1:23
- Isaiah prophesies that the Messiah will be called 'Mighty God'.
- Jesus is Emmanuel, God with us.